Windows Server 2008 Editions
Since the release of Windows NT, Microsoft has been publishing its server operating systems in editions. Microsoft follows the usual format for marketing its server family by offerings both 32-bit and 64-bit varieties. Some of these editions remain functionally identical to the Windows Server 2003 family. Today, Windows Server 2003 includes Web, Standard, Enterprise, and Datacenter editions, as it did from the very beginning, but it also includes new editions, such as Windows Storage Server 2003, Windows Small Business Server 2003, and Windows Compute Cluster Server 2003—all specialized editions of the server OS that are designed to play specific roles in organizations of various sizes.
Windows Server 2008 Features List
Windows Server 2008 empowers IT professionals with greater controls.
32- and 64-bit Versions of Windows Server 2008
Several editions of Windows Server 2008 support both 32- and 64-bit processors. In fact, these editions will support both x64 and IA64 processors. IA64 is based on the Itanium microchip from Intel—Itanium is a 64-bit reduced instruction set computer (RISC) processor—and while it is in use in very large organizations, has a very small following.
How to Configure Windows Server 2008 Firewall
Two different utilities are used to configure the Windows Firewall on a server running Windows Server 2008: the Windows Firewall Settings dialog box and the Windows Firewall with Advanced Security snap-in.
Run Physical or Virtual Machines in Windows Server 2008
With the coming of Windows Server 2008 and its embedded virtualization technology, or hypervisor, you need to rethink the way you provide resources and build the datacenter.
Windows Server 2008 LAN Encapsulations
Because IP datagrams are an Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) Network Layer entity, IP datagrams must be encapsulated with a Data Link Layer header and trailer before being sent on the physical medium. The Data Link Layer header and trailer provide the following services:
Windows Server 2008 Security Features
Windows Server 2008 includes an impressive array of new security applications and features that further enhance enterprise deployments, particularly within hostile environments or under potentially threatening scenarios. Today’s Internet is a brightly illuminated world that casts shadows, and from those shadows arise criminal aspirations that seek to infiltrate, pilfer, and undermine Internet-accessible businesses.
Windows Server 2008 Roles vs. Features
Windows Server 2008 is entirely roles-based in how you manage it. There is no longer a concept of installing many separate and unrelated components the way there was in older server operating systems. In Windows Server 2008 you decide what role you wish your server to play and the Server Manager tool provisions it with the necessary software to do that.
Windows Server 2008 Enhances Networking - Offloading protocol processing
Certain specialized network interfaces and hardware are capable of offloading the often resource-intensive burden of processing TCP/IP network stack information, which requires handling of a multilayered protocol framework to deliver encapsulated data. This frees up local CPU and RAM to process other general-purpose tasks and moves the strain of ongoing network connection processes to specially-designed hardware designated for that purpose.
How to Install PowerShell in Windows Server 2008
PowerShell is not installed in any version of Windows by default. For earlier versions of Windows (Windows XP, Windows Server 2003), you needed to download software from Microsoft's web site. However, as PowerShell is included in the installation binaries, installing it on Windows Server 2008 is really very simple.
Windows Server 2008 DHCP
Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) is a set of rules used by network communications devices to request and obtain an IPv4 or IPv6 address lease assignment from the available pool of administrator-specified addresses.
Windows Server 2008 NAT
Network Address Translation (NAT), network masquerading, and IP masquerading are all terms used to describe rewriting packets as they pass through an intermediary networking device to appear as if they originated from that device. There are many NAT arrangements, types, and variations, but all operate along the same lines.
Windows Server 2008 Name services
Windows Internet Naming Service (WINS) is Microsoft’s implementation of NetBIOS Name Server (NBNS) on Windows and is very similar to the relationship between DNS and domain names. This is a basic service for NetBIOS computer names, which are dynamically updated and mapped through DHCP.
Windows Server 2008 Application access
Terminal Services (TS) in Windows Server 2008 implements Microsoft’s most powerful centralized application access platform and offers an array of new capabilities that reshape administrator and user experiences alike.
Windows Server 2008 Data-based services
Centralized application and data access helps secure sensitive and/or personally identifying information to the remote working environment. Less data leaving the corporate network reduces the risk of accidental or incidental data loss through the interception, theft, or misplacement of company notebooks.
Windows Server 2008 Web-based services
Task-based Web server management is handled in Internet Information Services (IIS) 7.0, a powerful, modular platform for remote applications and services with enhanced security, featuring health monitoring for Web services. IIS 7.0 and .NET Framework 3.0 provide the basis for application and user connectivity, enabling users to distribute and visualize shared information.
Run Physical or Virtual Machines in Windows Server 2008
With the coming of Windows Server 2008 and its embedded virtualization technology, or hypervisor, you need to rethink the way you provide resources and build the datacenter.
Windows Filtering Platform in Windows Server 2008
To facilitate the development of network traffic filtering products, Microsoft created the Windows Filtering Platform (WFP). It is available in both Windows Vista and Windows Server 2008.
Improvements in the Windows Server 2008 Windows Firewall
Windows Firewall is to protect your Windows Server 2008 hosts, let us quickly review the major enhancements below
Build the Dynamic Datacenter in Windows Server 2008
A dynamic datacenter is one where all resources are divided into two categories:
Pushing toward Windows Server 2008 Virtualization Envelope
Windows Server 2008 is designed from the ground up to support virtualization. This means that you have the opportunity to change the way you manage servers and services. With the Windows Server 2008 hypervisor, Hyper-V, there is little difference between a machine running physically on a system and a machine running in a virtual instance. That’s because the hypervisor does the same thing as a physical installation would by exposing hardware to VMs. The real difference between a physical installation and a VM running on the hypervisor is access to system resources.
How Windows Server 2008 fit in enterprises needs
Enterprise wants and needs far exceed anything the desktop or workstation consumer group can possibly offer. Most of those wants and needs center around managing resources or maintaining connections among desktops, workstations, and other server computers.
TCP/IP-Based Security - IP Address Security
The base protocol over which Web traffic is carried is the Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP). HTTP is generally carried over TCP/IP, the standard Internet Protocol, in most environments. IIS 7 supports HTTP over TCP/IP version 4 (IPv4), the more common protocol of today’s Internet and the same network-level protocol as every version of IIS to date has supported.
Windows Server 2008 Windows Security - Security Identifiers
Security principal is an entity that can have a security identifier (SID), SID is a (mostly) numeric representation of a security principal. The SID is actually what is used internally by the operating system. When you grant a user, a group, a service, or some other security principal permissions to an object, the operating system writes the SID and the permissions to the object’s Access Control List (ACL).
Windows Server 2008 Clustering Technologies
Clusters work to provide fault tolerance to a group of systems so that the services they provide are always available—or are at least unavailable for the least possible amount of time. Clusters also provide a single public-facing presence for a set of systems, which means end users and others who take advantage of the resources the cluster members provide aren't aware that the cluster comprises more than one machine. They see only a single, unified presence on the network. The dirty work of spreading the load among multiple machines is done behind the scenes by clustering software.
Windows Server 2008 Network Load-Balancing Clusters
NLB in Windows Server 2008 is accomplished by a special network driver that works between the drivers for the physical network adapter and the TCP/IP stack. This driver communicates with the NLB program (called wlbs.exe, for the Windows Load Balancing Service) running at the application layer—the same layer in the OSI model as the application you are clustering.
Windows Server 2008 Network Load-Balancing Clusters
Windows Server 2008 has been designed to respond to the needs of organizations of all sizes, whether you are a company of one working in a basement somewhere or whether your organization spans the globe, with offices in every continent. Obviously, there is a slight difference in scale between the two extremes. Each of these is defined as follows:
Understanding Windows Server Core
Windows server core is a “minimal” installation option for Windows Server 2008. What this means is that when you choose this option during setup (or when using unattended setup), Windows Server 2008 installs a minimum set of components on your machine that will allow you to run certain (but not all) server roles. In other words, selecting the Windows server core installation option installs only a subset of the binaries that are installed when you choose the full installation option for Windows Server 2008.
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